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Category: AI Economics

AI Economics: Risk, Cost, and ROI Research by Oleh Ivchenko

AI-Driven Valuation Multiples: Revisiting Equity Metrics in Companies with Embedded AI Assets

Posted on September 9, 2026September 9, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22681692  66stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources30%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted80%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI70%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef60%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed60%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic80%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References10 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,371✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,371
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22681692
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]67%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 67%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams3✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 3
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (75 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Proposes new valuation frameworks that adjust traditional multiples to reflect AI‑derived competitive advantages.

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22681692 66stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources30%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted80%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI70%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef60%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed60%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic80%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References10 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,371✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,371
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22681692
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]67%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 67%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams3✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 3
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (75 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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Capital Reallocation Dynamics: AI’s Influence on Venture Funding Allocation to Knowledge-Intensive Startups

Posted on September 4, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22303555  73stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources64%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted100%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI82%✓≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef64%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed64%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic91%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References11 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,249✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,249
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22303555
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]89%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 89%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams3✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 3
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (88 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

This article examines how advancing AI capabilities reshape venture capital (VC) investment patterns toward knowledge-intensive startups. We develop a framework linking AI-driven predictive analytics, automation potential, and scalability assessments to VC decision-making criteria. Through a mixed-methods analysis of recent investment data and expert surveys, we identify three core mechanisms: ...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22303555 73stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources64%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted100%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI82%✓≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef64%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed64%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic91%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References11 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,249✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,249
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22303555
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]89%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 89%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams3✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 3
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (88 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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Pricing Elasticity of AI-as-a-Service: How Cost Structures Shape Enterprise Adoption Curves

Posted on September 3, 2026September 3, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22288524  64stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources60%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted80%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI70%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef60%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed60%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic80%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References10 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]654✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 654
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22288524
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]78%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 78%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams0○Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 0
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (77 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (0/4 × 10%)

This article investigates the pricing elasticity of AI-as-a-Service (AIaaS) offerings and how variable cost structures influence enterprise adoption rates. Using econometric analysis of API pricing data and adoption metrics across multiple industry segments, we quantify the sensitivity of demand to price changes in the AIaaS market. Our findings reveal that enterprises exhibit significant price...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22288524 64stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources60%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted80%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI70%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef60%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed60%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic80%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References10 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]654✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 654
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22288524
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]78%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 78%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams0○Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 0
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (77 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (0/4 × 10%)
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Carbon Ledger of AI Inference: Accounting for Emissions Across Distributed Computing Nodes

Posted on August 30, 2026August 30, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22181262  39stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted60%○≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI40%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic60%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References5 refs○Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]993✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 993
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22181262
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]25%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 25%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams3✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 3
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (40 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

The rapid expansion of AI workloads across distributed computing infrastructures has precipitated a critical environmental externality: uncontrolled carbon emissions from energy-intensive inference operations. This article designs a transparent ledger framework to systematically track, quantify, and mitigate carbon footprints of AI workloads spanning the full lifecycle from training through dep...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22181262 39stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted60%○≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI40%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic60%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References5 refs○Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]993✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 993
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22181262
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]25%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 25%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams3✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 3
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (40 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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AI Concentration Index: Quantifying Market Power in Foundation Model Providers

Posted on August 23, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22065776  38stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted67%○≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI33%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic50%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References6 refs○Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,541✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,541
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22065776
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]25%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 25%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (39 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Foundation model providers are rapidly consolidating control over the most valuable AI assets — massive parameter counts, proprietary training pipelines, and exclusive access to high‑quality multimodal datasets. This convergence raises critical antitrust and governance questions: how concentrated is market power, what metrics can reliably capture that concentration, and how do these metrics evo...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22065776 38stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted67%○≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI33%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic50%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References6 refs○Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,541✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,541
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.22065776
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]25%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 25%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (39 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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Foundation Model Deprecation Economics: The Hidden Cost of Model Version Migrations

Posted on August 15, 2026August 15, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21949313  64stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted100%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI92%✓≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic96%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References26 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,320✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,320
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21949313
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]96%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 96%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (72 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Model version migration is a routine yet understudied cost center for enterprises deploying foundation models at scale. This article quantifies the economic impact of such migrations across three dimensions: direct migration effort, indirect operational overhead, and strategic opportunity cost. By analyzing migration records from 127 organizations, we find that average direct migration costs ha...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21949313 64stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted100%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI92%✓≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic96%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References26 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,320✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,320
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21949313
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]96%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 96%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (72 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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AI for Anti-Money Laundering: From Rule-Based to Neural Transaction Monitoring in Banking

Posted on August 12, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21908656  51stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted83%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI75%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic83%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References12 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,138✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,138
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21908656
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]55%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 55%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (61 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Anti-Money Laundering (AML) mechanisms are essential for maintaining financial integrity in the global banking sector. Traditional rule‑based transaction monitoring systems have long been employed to detect suspicious activity, yet they often generate high false‑positive rates, leading to operational inefficiencies and regulatory fatigue. Recent advances in neural network architectures and grap...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21908656 51stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted83%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI75%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic83%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References12 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,138✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,138
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21908656
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]55%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 55%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (61 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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AI Value Attribution in Multi-System Workflows: Untangling ROI When AI is One of Many Tools

Posted on August 9, 2026August 10, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21867269  39stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted60%○≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI40%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic60%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References5 refs○Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,497✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,497
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21867269
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]25%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 25%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (40 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Enterprises increasingly deploy heterogeneous AI solutions across finance, operations, and customer service. While each AI component promises efficiency gains, the fragmented nature of these deployments makes it difficult to isolate the contribution of AI to overall return on investment (ROI). This article addresses the core challenge: how to attribute business value to AI when it operates as p...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21867269 39stabilfr·wdophcgmx
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[l]Academic60%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
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[r]References5 refs○Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,497✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,497
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[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
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[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (40 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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Labor Market Impact Disaggregation: Which Knowledge Work Tasks Are Actually Automated by LLMs

Posted on August 4, 2026August 5, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21799125  46stabilfr·wdophcgmx
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[t]Trusted81%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI56%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
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[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic63%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access88%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References16 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,316✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,316
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21799125
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
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Score = Ref Trust (53 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Introduction The rapid diffusion of large language models (LLMs) across knowledge‑intensive industries has sparked intense debate about the extent to which specific tasks can be automated, augmented, or remain uniquely human. Existing surveys often aggregate diverse activities into broad categories, obscuring the nuanced dynamics that shape labor markets and wage trajectories. This article dise...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21799125 46stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted81%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI56%○≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic63%○≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access88%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References16 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,316✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,316
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21799125
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]58%✗≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 58%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (53 × 60%) + Required (2/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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The LLM Commoditization Playbook: How Enterprises Exploit Price Competition Between Providers

Posted on July 31, 2026July 31, 2026 by
AI Economics
AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko  ·  DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21729348  60stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted88%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI82%✓≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
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[l]Academic88%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References17 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,270✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,270
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21729348
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]76%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 76%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (65 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)

Enterprises increasingly deploy large language models (LLMs) as core components of their digital stack, yet the cost structure of provider access remains fragmented and opaque. This article investigates how organizations can systematically exploit price competition among LLM providers to achieve measurable reductions in inference spend. We frame the problem as a procurement challenge, map curre...

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AI Economics by Oleh Ivchenko DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21729348 60stabilfr·wdophcgmx
BadgeMetricValueStatusDescription
[s]Reviewed Sources0%○≥80% from editorially reviewed sources
[t]Trusted88%✓≥80% from verified, high-quality sources
[a]DOI82%✓≥80% have a Digital Object Identifier
[b]CrossRef0%○≥80% indexed in CrossRef
[i]Indexed0%○≥80% have metadata indexed
[l]Academic88%✓≥80% from journals/conferences/preprints
[f]Free Access100%✓≥80% are freely accessible
[r]References17 refs✓Minimum 10 references required
[w]Words [REQ]1,270✗Minimum 2,000 words for a full research article. Current: 1,270
[d]DOI [REQ]✓✓Zenodo DOI registered for persistent citation. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21729348
[o]ORCID [REQ]✓✓Author ORCID verified for academic identity
[p]Peer Reviewed [REQ]—✗Peer reviewed by an assigned reviewer
[h]Freshness [REQ]76%✓≥60% of references from 2025–2026. Current: 76%
[c]Data Charts0○Original data charts from reproducible analysis (min 2). Current: 0
[g]Code—○Source code available on GitHub
[m]Diagrams2✓Mermaid architecture/flow diagrams. Current: 2
[x]Cited by0○Referenced by 0 other hub article(s)
Score = Ref Trust (65 × 60%) + Required (3/5 × 30%) + Optional (1/4 × 10%)
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